Close Stay up-to-date with
Observer.com Newsletters
Sign up for Observer Newsletters!
RSS Feed
The New York Observer

How Do You Negotiate Respect?

View Story On One Page View Story On One Page Print This Story Print This Story Share This Story Share This Story
February 18, 2001 | 7:00 p.m

LOS ANGELES-February marks the end of the rainy season in

Los Angeles. The air is cool. The nights are chilly. A strange, spirit-dampening meteorological phenomenon occurs out here that we on the East Coast might call "weather": There are entire days when the sky is filled with rain clouds, when the glorious California sun doesn't show itself. This particular February, however, there is also a newfound sense of unease in the air. A darkening, if you will, of the usual sunny SoCal optimism. There are storm clouds on the horizon having more to do with economics than weather: Although the rolling blackouts and spiraling energy costs of San Francisco and Silicon Valley haven't visited L.A. yet (the city produces its own power and hasn't deregulated), the authorities forecast that the upcoming peak summer demand will push the local power grid past its limits. And then there is the threat of entertainment industry strikes, with the Writers Guild's contract expiring May 2 and the Screen Actors Guild's on June 30. Wherever you go in this city, the specter of these labor actions are Topic A. And not just at The Ivy. You hear the same questions at Hertz, Kinko's and the dry cleaners: What's going to happen? Do you think there'll be a strike? Even the most optimistic agent I know-a woman who could make a death sentence sound like a positive review-is feeling the malaise. "The business has crawled to a halt," she said. "Everyone is waiting for the other shoe to drop." As a working screenwriter, I may not be the most objective authority on all of this. But at the moment, the studios have rushed dozens of movies into production, hoping to be finished before the Screen Actors Guild deadline, when they would be forced to shut down in the event of a strike. (I'll let you guess the odds on any of these pictures receiving Oscar nominations next year.) And for the past month, the writers have been negotiating with studios and networks-a.k.a. the Alliance of Motion Picture and Television Producers. As a member of the Guild, I receive daily e-mail updates, but the information is deliberately vague, detailing the subjects that were discussed rather than whether any progress was made. We may be living in the Internet era, but it hasn't changed the theory that collective bargaining is best conducted out of the spotlight. In either case, it's a long, painful process. Basically, the screenwriters want money and creative respect. We want better payments on cable; we want better royalties on DVD's, video and overseas rebroadcasts; we want to rescind the lower pay scale negotiated with the Fox network 12 years ago, when the then-new network claimed it needed to cut costs to survive. And we want some kind of pay structure in place for whatever the Internet brings. We made a mistake in the 80's, underestimating the potential revenues, profits and growth of cable and video. This time, we're determined not to let the profits from new media get away from us. From the management point of view, there is, of course, no money. They claim that overseas markets for American TV shows are drying up; that all of television-cable and network-is reaching smaller audiences; and that most American films lose money. Exactly how much of this is true is up for debate-and the point of the negotiations. But in fact, advertising revenues are up at the networks, with advertisers willing to pay more for specific, smaller but highly targeted audiences. New cable channels are being founded daily, which one can only assume are not charitable exercises. And, so far as feature-film profitability goes, there are so many revenue streams at horizontally integrated media corporations-music, cable, broadcast, merchandising, theme parks-that I defy anyone to figure out whether or not a movie loses money. (Of course, the gorilla in the corner of the feature-film business that no one is going to discuss is the way $20 million star salaries have thrown the economics of the entire industry out of whack. It's affected everything from $50,000 character actors demanding and getting $2 million to the 22-year-old production assistant who sees the excess, says "screw it" and begins sending Variety to her boyfriend in Brussels every day via FedEx.) For the writers, obviously the money is important, but the more heartfelt issue-and the thing everyone is talking about-is creative rights. It's a demand for respect. We're tired of being thought of as disposable; we're tired of being cut out of the movie-making process when the filming begins, only to be rewritten on the set by actors, producers and directors, resulting in films that all too often embarrass us. (And before you ask, "So why put your name on the film?", the answer lies in the fact that residuals, royalties and production bonuses are tied to having your name on it.) We're not looking to direct. We're not looking for control. We're only looking to play a greater role in the oft-cited "collaborative process," which we honestly believe will make for better, more coherent films. The flash point for all of this has become the so-called possessory credit-"A Martin Scorsese film," for example-that appears before the title in so many American films. When this first came into vogue, in the 60's and 70's, studios promised that it would only be used in the most rarefied cases where the director's name helped sell the film. Hitchcock, for example. But last year, it appeared on almost 70 percent of the movies released by Hollywood. Among the working screenwriters I've talked to, there's a grim sense of determination about this: a belief that it's demeaning, it's wrong, it's inaccurate. And the fight has put us at odds with members of the Directors Guild, who insist it's their divine right and aren't about to give it up. This is something that I find myself surprisingly adamant about. I can see the credit for Scorsese. Or Barry Levinson. Or Steven Spielberg, Spike Lee, Woody Allen, the Coen brothers-even the Farrelly brothers. But not for someone who's little more than a director for hire. Recently, a young unknown director-a friend who's picture I'd worked on gratis-decided to take the credit. I couldn't resist needling him about it: "So I see you're an auteur now." "Hey, I did more than just direct. I supervised everything." "Isn't that the definition of the director's job?" "Yes, but it's my film." "Oh. Pardon me. Did you write it?" "No." "Did you create the story?" "No." "Did you conceive of the characters?" "No." "Did you edit it? Negotiate the talent contracts? Operate the camera? Did you light it, score it, find the actors by yourself? Were you sitting on the writer's shoulder when she had the original idea?" "No." "So, fool that I am, can you explain how it's your film?" "It's my vision ," he said, laughing as he exaggerated the word, then adding, "You know what this is about. It's about power. And money. And more control on my next project… You know, the one you're not going to be writing." Having worked on enough movies-credited and not-I could probably fill a book with tales of screenwriter woe. From the ridiculous (being fired three times from the same picture; working with a star who never read the script until the night before shooting, but held forth on the publicity junket about how he worked to create his character) to the merely insulting. (On the Bond film Tomorrow Never Dies , in which I created a media-mogul villain, I was left out of the publicity when the studio decided no one would be interested in anything I might have to say, despite the fact that the screenwriter was the only one in the production who'd ever been in proximity to a real, live media mogul.) So will there be a strike? Is it possible to negotiate respect? At a recent dinner party in Los Angeles, a famous screenwriter told me she thinks this is all Y2K: The Movie -meaning it's much ado about nothing. And a television writer opined that a recession will scare the Writers and Screen Actors guilds off-especially given the less-than-stellar gains in last year's AFTRA strike. At the same time, there's a feeling that the studios actually want the strike. Due to the force majeure (read: act of God) clause in contracts, the studios can use the strike to nullify lots of bad deals. It's a terrific way of cutting overhead. (Case in point: Last year, I was hired to write a film for a movie star with a studio production deal. He couldn't find the two hours to read it. Twelve months, two bombs and who-knows-how-many millions in overhead later, the studio's itching for a way to get this person and the entourage off the lot.) Among most of the writers I've spoken with, there's a feeling that the creative issues have become something of a now-or-never proposition. It's not, as the screenwriter Paddy Chayefsky wrote, that "we're mad as hell, and we're not going to take it anymore." But rather, a quiet, determined, resolute feeling that enough is enough.
Post a Comment The Discussion
Post a Comment
Not a registered user? Register here.
Don't have an Observer.com account? You can use your Facebook account instead.